SURVEYS

Surveys comparing concrete and virtual manipulatives across concepts were administered to 26 pre-service middle grades mathematics teachers in a Number Concepts & Relationships course fall semester 2008.

• EQUIVALENT FRACTIONS

• FRACTION ADDITION & SUBTRACTION

• FRACTION MULTIPLICATION & DIVISION

• FRACTIONS, DECIMALS, PERCENTS

• INTEGER ADDITION & SUBTRACTION

• INTEGER MULTIPLICATION

• NON-DECIMAL ADDITION & SUBTRACTION

• SIEVE OF ERATOSTHENES

• CLASSROOM OBSERVATIONS

• LOOKING BACK

• RESULTS